{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/0000002051/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["AI \u0026 Open Access: Misconceptions, Opportunities, Risks - LyrOpen Fair"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/166/original/LYRASIS_Learning.png?1631557479","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Instructor"]},"value":{"en":["Colleen Cressman","Melanie Gainey","Dave Hansen","Anna Walek"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eGenerative artificial intelligence (AI) creates opportunities and risks for the scholarly communication ecosystem, especially in the context of open access publishing and platforms. In this webinar, three community experts will engage in a wide-ranging panel discussion about open access in the context of AI. Panelists will address common misconceptions about AI, explore ethical and human-centered applications of AI tools, and discuss key intersections between AI and OA in licensing, publishing, and libraries. This conversation will give attendees a deeper understanding of the ways AI might shape our increasingly Open future.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2026-03-31"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eGenerative artificial intelligence (AI) creates opportunities and risks for the scholarly communication ecosystem, especially in the context of open access publishing and platforms. In this webinar, three community experts will engage in a wide-ranging panel discussion about open access in the context of AI. Panelists will address common misconceptions about AI, explore ethical and human-centered applications of AI tools, and discuss key intersections between AI and OA in licensing, publishing, and libraries. This conversation will give attendees a deeper understanding of the ways AI might shape our increasingly Open future.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["LYRASIS"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["LYRASIS"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/166/original/LYRASIS_Learning.png?1631557479","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/307/157/small/GMT20260331-180119_Recording_1920x1080.mp4_1775257650.jpg?1775257652","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - GMT20260331-180119_Recording_1920x1080.mp4"]},"duration":3589.632,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/307/157/small/GMT20260331-180119_Recording_1920x1080.mp4_1775257650.jpg?1775257652","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-lyrasis.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/307/157/original/GMT20260331-180119_Recording_1920x1080.mp4?1775257646","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":3589.632,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Transcript [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We could get started in just a moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=0.0,4.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There we go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=4.0,13.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right. So welcome. My name is Christy Urquietta Cortez, and I'm a strategist on the content and scholarly communication initiatives team at luresis. Welcome to the fifth annual their open fair. This is the 4th session of 5 planned for this year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=13.0,31.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we're excited to engage with the scholarly community, sorry, scholarly communication and open communities. We appreciate you taking the time out of your busy schedule to join us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=31.0,42.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, just, uh, some housekeeping, the recordings are going to be sent to all registrants, as well as posted on the Lyricist Lear Open Fair website, which we'll link in the chat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=42.0,52.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's going to be a slide within the presentation that also gives more information about our remaining session with a link to that Lear Open Fair website if you need it after the session today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=52.0,64.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, I'd also like to note that all participants are muted, but please feel free to enter your questions or comments in chat or the Q\u0026A. We'll be monitoring both of those and either answering or holding until the end, as applicable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=64.0,79.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you have any technical difficulties, Shania Belkin, our fantastic lyricist colleague, is here with us to troubleshoot. All right, with that… Welcome again, and we'll jump right in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=79.0,93.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So today's session is called AI and Open Access Misconceptions, Opportunities, and Risks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=93.0,101.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have a fantastic team of panelists with us here today. I'll give them each an opportunity to introduce themselves. Let's start with Colleen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=101.0,113.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hi, everybody. I'm Colleen Cressman, librarian for Open Publishing at Harvard Library, and I am excited to hear from my panelists today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=113.0,122.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right. Melanie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=122.0,126.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hi, I'm Melanie Gainey. I'm the Director of the Open Science Program and a STEM librarian at Carnegie Mellon University Libraries. I'm happy to be here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=126.0,138.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dave?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=138.0,142.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hey, everyone. I'm Dave Hansen, Executive Director of Authors Alliance, and we are that supports authors who want to see their works widely disseminated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=142.0,153.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right. Anna.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=153.0,157.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hello, everyone. I'm Anna Vauek and I'm the CTO Head of Technology for OEPIN and OAP.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=157.0,164.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nice to be here with you today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=164.0,167.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wonderful. Thank you all so much. I know I'm excited to hear from you all and learn quite a bit today, so I'm sure everyone else is as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=167.0,175.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, and just really quick, one very last housekeeping thing before we jump into our panel. We have one last session in this year's Lear Open Fair. This is going to be session five, open as an institutional asset advancing shared goals through cross-campus Collaboration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=175.0,193.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is going to be this Thursday, April 2nd, from 1 to 2 p.m. Eastern. You can register at that Lear Open Fair link that will drop in the chat if we haven't already, but it'll also, this link is also included in the slides here once you receive those.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=193.0,210.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And everything's gonna be recorded, so even if you're unable to attend, if you register, you're going to get notification of that recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=210.0,217.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right. So I'm going to stop share so that we can see all of our lovely panelists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=217.0,225.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um… and high res, or whatever the case may be. Let's see. Perfect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=225.0,233.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right. So let's jump in everybody. Our first question for today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=233.0,242.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from where you sit. What are a couple of the biggest misconceptions about AI and open access? Who holds these misconceptions? Is it researchers, authors, publishers, librarians, or all of the above?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=242.0,257.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think for this first question, we're going to start with Melanie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=257.0,263.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hi. So in my role, I work a lot with researchers, supporting researchers, and I think a misconception that I've encountered a lot over the last few years is just the extent to which researchers publish work is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=263.0,279.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"protected from AI scraping, or you know the tech companies using it for training data. And I think this, you know, takes various forms. I think one is, you know, thinking that a paywall protects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=279.0,295.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their work from being used for. Gen AI training data. You know, sometimes not realizing that the major publishers have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=295.0,305.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made deals with the tech companies, um, that allows that. You know, and another one is thinking that their work is protected because that's a Creative Commons license, just like not really understanding what the crave commons licenses are designed to do, and how they actually work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=305.0,322.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think those continue to come up in various scenarios when talking to researchers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=322.0,329.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Absolutely. Colleen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=329.0,333.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, sure. And I I agree with everything that Melanie just said. And I I I hear conceptions, misconceptions from from all sides. I think it it is really a transformative experience that we're kind of all going through together as we grapple with AI. And I guess one thing that I would add is, I'm hearing especially concerns from some authors who had already been hesitant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=333.0,358.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about open access and what it means and what it does. They seem to be most prone to confusing the scraping capabilities of AI with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=358.0,370.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the fact that it is just affecting open access work. And so these authors, in some cases, have been interested in, for instance, divesting from OA repositories and not sharing their scholarship. And we've really been combating, um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=370.0,387.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that kind of thought, um, and we have a few reasons against, you know, that sort of divestment being, you know, the first that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=387.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the need for unpaywalled scholarship persists, and who needs that unpaywalled scholarship? Human readers, right? So AI chatbots and scraping tools and things like that all benefit from that. But we also, you know, really need to remember our peers in scholarly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=396.0,413.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"communication who don't have access to this content, but through our repositories in many cases. Secondly, sharing your work open access in a repository gives you an opportunity to correct the record against imprecise or inaccurate information, whether that's AI.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=413.0,430.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"created or human created, because it enables independent fact-checking. People can go to the source and look at the source. You have access to that research. Um, and third, a reason, you know, not to divest if you're an author who's considering it, is you have an opportunity with that research that you share to direct the record, not just correct it, because what you can do is you could help introduce or influence higher quality AI.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=430.0,455.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"training data so that hopefully a higher quality input leads to a higher quality output, even if we can't eliminate the other problems associated with generative AI, we can curtail what the main issues are around inaccuracy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=455.0,470.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is in a nutshell, I think my my two cents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=470.0,476.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On this particular issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=476.0,478.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, absolutely. Anna, I believe you're up next.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=478.0,485.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I believe that one of the biggest misconceptions is that open access means no rules.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=485.0,492.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that if content is available openly, it can be automatically used by AI systems in any way and for any purpose. And from our perspective, that's simply not true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=492.0,506.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because open access in general operates within clearly defined legal and ethical frameworks, and we need to… we need to remember that like Creative Commons licensors, for example, I agree with, uh, with my colleagues, but we need to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=506.0,525.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We need to remember that open access is about transparency and reuse under agreed conditions, not about giving up author's rights or community control. So I think this is one of the… misconceptions, and the other is that there is a tension between AI and open access in general.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=525.0,547.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's like it's quite a kind of misleading, because in my opinion, the real tension is between open access and AI isn't between open access and AI, but between public community funded infrastructures as ours.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=547.0,563.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a large-scale data extraction practices. And yeah, what's missing is a shared understanding that open access is not anti-governance, it's governance made explicit. So I believe this is one of the main misconceptions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=563.0,587.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=587.0,588.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hey, I agree. I sign on to everything, particularly Melanie and Anna. I think that that you make some really good points about like misperceptions about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=588.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe how open access licensing might affect reuse and and Colleen, you touched on some of this too, that like, you know, just because something is open, that doesn't necessarily like undo or affect underlying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=600.0,618.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"copyright law, but actually the biggest misperception I think it goes down to like just basic understandings of what open access is even outside of the AI context. All of us who have been working in the open access space for a long time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=618.0,633.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or any amount of time know that, you know, there are lots of people who… who say that they adhere to open access, or they want to make their work open access, and then when you start talking through the details, um, it's not exactly what they perceive it to be, and so, um… I have found it useful to just go back to kind of first definitions, you know, if you go to like the Budapest open access initiative. It has this definition, and it seems to pretty comfortably encompass AI. It says that by open access, we mean free availability on the public Internet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=633.0,663.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"permitting any user to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose without financial, legal, or technical barriers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=668.0,683.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what we've been living with as a definition of open access for 25 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=683.0,692.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that there's a moment to ask whether that is… continues to be the right definition, but I think that, you know, AI use pretty squarely fits within that definition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=692.0,707.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, absolutely. Thank you all so much. I think one of the things I gathered from all of you is this sort of recurring theme that open access does not mean the does not mean that it overrides, supersedes, or occurs in the absence of laws, right? Like, we still have our.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=707.0,724.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Title 17 copyright law and our entire open access and open infrastructure that helps do this in equitable and ethical ways. So I really appreciate all of your insights into that question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=724.0,739.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, question 2 for everybody. Each of you works with various publishing constituencies, publishers, editors, authors, researchers, technologists, etc. What are you hearing from them about artificial intelligence tools?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=739.0,756.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"access.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=756.0,760.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sure, I'm happy to start off there. I was thinking about this in terms of editors and their responses to the intersection of AI and OA. And for me, I don't tend to hear too much from OA journal editors who are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=760.0,776.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"part of scholar-led NOFI Diamond OA initiatives, besides how they can develop an AI policy that could govern use of generative AI tools. And you know, the constituents that they're interested in are themselves as editors, how they should handle those kinds of things, how reviewers ought to, and how authors themselves ought to engage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=776.0,795.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so those are their questions, because if I can hazard a guess, they're not interested in licensing deals with AI companies. On the other hand, I do hear from journal editors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=795.0,808.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who have questions around how their commercial publisher who owns their title is looking to act, because those are the more common actors in this space regarding AI deals. And those publishers are cutting deals for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=808.0,823.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"journal corpuses, or looking into doing it, and it's leading to a lot of questions by the editors, which I think actually reveals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=823.0,831.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially the complicated relationship between commercial publishers, publisher-owned titles, publisher-set policies, and the editors and authors who are kind of all caught up in it. Questions come up when there isn't OA content involved, but especially when there is a mix of OA content and non-OA content, and that's not just because, oh, AI is now in the mix, but because it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=831.0,854.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exposes certain, I think, uncertainties that editors already have around the licensing status of the content itself overall, because they're often not really included in that aspect of the journal governance, because they don't own the title in these cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=854.0,871.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I worked recently with a faculty member who's a journal editor at a hybrid title in the humanities, and she's at a larger publisher that's embracing AI. And she had a lot of questions around just some guidance. The publisher wanted to enter into this arrangement, and.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=871.0,889.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To their credit, did want to get her buy-in and the editorial board's buy-in, uh, and then also indicated that it would probably ask the authors for their buy-in, too, but it wasn't clear if.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=889.0,899.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The editor said no, if they would still ask the authors. Um, and it also wasn't clear to her, and when we amassed all the information that we could, uh, what the extent of the publisher's plans were, and even who the companies were that they were doing business with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=899.0,915.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And to me, that… underscores her uncertainty that she came with, you know, to me, which was, I understand I'm supposed to have a relationship of trust between myself as the editor in chief of this title and the publisher. We both have a vested interest in the success of this title.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=915.0,933.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I feel a little bit undercut and disempowered because I'm not being given enough of information about this potential AI deal. And so my takeaway was it makes it all the more important for us as librarians and for folks like Dave and the Authors Alliance to be that sounding board, because we don't have the same interests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=933.0,954.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a commercial publisher does. A commercial publisher might take an easy yes to that question by the editor, even if that easy yes is under informed. So I'm really interested not so much because OA and AI necessarily have an intertwined relationship, but because the question of AI is exposing a lot of uncertainties. The editors, especially at these larger commercial outfits, already have around the publishing enterprise in general.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=954.0,980.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right? Yeah. And that reminds me of some tensions that kind of are inherent to maybe not inherent, but exist within kind of the relationship between libraries and journals and publishers, and that our our interests, our goals are not always aligned, and we still have to find a way to work with each other through that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=980.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanks so much, Colleen. Anna.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=998.0,1004.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, it was a very interesting perspective, Colleen, and I totally agree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1004.0,1009.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And from our point of view, we can see that it really depends on the group. What are the comments and what is the perspective.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1009.0,1021.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, for example, publishers of open access books are often supportive of openness, but they're increasingly anxious about the scale. So about content being harvested and mass.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1021.0,1037.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Without contacts, attribution, or dialogue. and about the cost that this creates for small not-for-profit infrastructures, for example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1037.0,1049.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so… If we talk about authors, for example, the authors tend to ask very fundamental questions like, can my book be used to train AI? Will this affect how my work is valued?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1049.0,1068.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And many of these questions don't yet have the clear community-wide answers because, um… We actually don't know how it's processed and and what are the rules for created for AI. So these are some concerns that authors and publishers are sharing, and also libraries are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1068.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly difficult position because they strongly support open access, but they also operate and fund infrastructures that are now under a technical pressure from those automated access.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1090.0,1106.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, uh, I think… It's a mix of curiosity, concern, and uncertainty. So this is my.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1106.0,1116.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how I see that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1116.0,1118.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, absolutely, Anna. I think that's something I I know I try to keep in mind when I'm having these conversations is that there are very real concerns that, you know, deserve to be heard out and need to be addressed in many cases, and someone just brought up in chat the.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1118.0,1133.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, does everybody always understand the AI language, even in their own agreements? And so there's just.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1133.0,1141.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so much information coming at us all the time about AI, and we've dealt with technology in the library world before, but this definitely feels like the fastest it's ever moved in one fell swoop. So I appreciate your perspective on that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1141.0,1156.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right. Dave, I believe you're up next.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1156.0,1159.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sure. So I wanted to talk about two different groupings of authors and researchers that I'm hearing from.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1159.0,1167.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is just authors, uh, who aren't really, honestly, all that engaged with AI. Uh, they just want to see their works get disseminated. They want to see people read their works. And they're kind of being presented with this sort of seismic shift.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1167.0,1182.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in technology, and I think from them, the main thing that I'm hearing is really kind of fundamental concerns about the integrity of science and research. And I'm talking about academic authors here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1182.0,1198.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The thing that they seem to be most concerned about is not like, you know, is someone making a buck off of my work in a way that I didn't approve, frankly, because they already published within a system where everyone else is making money off of their work, and they're not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1198.0,1215.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which isn't, like, the greatest thing, but that's just what it is. And so the thing that they really seem to care most about is how are we going to maintain the integrity of a scientific research system where we really need to have better attribution, better citation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1215.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so far, we see real problems with AI systems that, you know, are producing hallucinations and things like this. And so the one thing I'm hearing from them is what can we do about this and how can we fix this? And there's a certain like, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1230.0,1246.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pitchfork and and torch idea of, like, let's just burn this all down and get rid of AI, because it's it's producing these bad results. But I think most of it is much more thoughtful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1246.0,1257.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with an eye towards, like, how can we improve this technology that's not going away and is beneficial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1257.0,1264.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, and… and do something to really tailor it to the kinds of needs of the scientific research community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1264.0,1271.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The last and other thing I wanted to say is I'm also seeing and hearing from researchers who are kind of feeling the collateral damage effects of AI on the ecosystem. And by that I mean like researchers who have relied on scraping the web or getting access to large.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1271.0,1286.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do text data mining and computational research, and all of a sudden, maybe for legitimate reasons, maybe just kind of the AI mania and fear. A lot of those resources are being locked down, and that kind of research is getting cut off because of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1286.0,1303.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concerns about AI web bots or other kinds of things like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1303.0,1309.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, it's kind of… it almost feels like this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1309.0,1312.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know, or, like, it eats itself a little bit. Like, the concern for research and integrity and locking things down, but then that also limits the kind of, like.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1312.0,1322.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interactions researchers can have with open access content, absolutely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1322.0,1327.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Melanie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1327.0,1331.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hi, yeah. I think one of the conversations I've been following from publishers is around preprint publishing and the impacts of AI.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1331.0,1339.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, you know, as a life science librarian, I do a lot of outreach around the benefits of preprint publishing and just how important bio archive and MedArchive were for the response to COVID, and… You know, just how important these are for the open access ecosystem. And so I think, you know, the two challenges I've heard about are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1339.0,1363.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, the the infrastructure having not being able to withstand the scraping, you know, just like all the bots and whatnot. So that's posing technical challenges, especially when the infrastructure is often on through nonprofits or community run.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1363.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, but also just the challenge of the AI paper mills and the submissions that the servers, the preprint servers are getting now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1380.0,1388.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, I mean, I think it's an ongoing challenge for the preprint servers that is not resolved, but.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1388.0,1397.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, if we want preprint servers to be community run, then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1397.0,1402.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a threat, you know, I think, to the validity and popularity that they've achieved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1402.0,1411.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the last couple of decades now. So something I've been paying attention to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1411.0,1416.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, absolutely, and I'd love to ask you more questions about that, but I think we might actually get to some of them in our next question, so I'll move on to question 3. So, AI crawlers and bots have flooded repositories and publishing platforms, causing them to falter or crash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1416.0,1434.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you tell us more about this problem? What the impact of it is, and what solutions there are, if any. Are these solutions in tension with the goals of open access?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1434.0,1445.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe, Anna, you're going to lead us off here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1445.0,1448.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, thank you for this question. So let me start with a short story from our own data at open.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1448.0,1456.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we checked and we did some research that in two weeks of February, our platform received over 30 million requests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1456.0,1467.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That sounds impressive until you realize that less than 1/3 of that traffic came from humans or trusted academic users, and the majority came from machines. So what makes this particularly striking?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1467.0,1482.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is who pays the price? Because our analysis shows that nearly a quarter of requests from verified educational research and not-for-profit networks are being rate limited, while this large scale commercial automated traffic is affected much less.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1482.0,1502.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in other words, the people, OAPEN and OAB exist for so researchers, students, libraries are being slowed down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1502.0,1511.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While automated harvesting continues at scale. And this is something we are trying to work on and this is something that not only our infrastructure is facing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1511.0,1523.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think it's a large scale issue and it's it isn't because open access failed and it's because our infrastructures were built on trust.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1523.0,1536.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Trust that exit would be used responsibly and AI crawlers have changed that equation because around 60% of all traffic now comes from public clouds and network services providers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1536.0,1553.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, with a very small number of very large organizations consuming a share of infrastructure resources and that creates real cost and real risk for nonprofit platforms as ours.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1553.0,1567.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when we talk about solutions. I mentioned rate limiting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1567.0,1575.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, we also consider both identification, traffic management. These are often framed as being in tension with open access. From where I sit, the opposite is true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1575.0,1590.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we don't protect the sustainability of shared public infrastructures, there will be nothing left to be open. And the real challenge is not access. It's, as I said, responsibility, because our platforms were built, as I said before, on trust, and this is something we need to work on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1590.0,1612.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"together as a community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1612.0,1614.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, absolutely. And maybe just a quick follow up for you, Anna. You know, from from your perspective like on the publisher side and a nonprofit publisher side. What do you see as the, um… viability of those solutions? Like, do you feel confident that you'll be able to reach, like, a publisher will be able to reach those solutions and enact them in a way that still preserves that open access ecosystem, or is it still so uncertain right now that we're not sure what this looks like in a few years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1614.0,1644.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So as I said, we are working on this together with other infrastructures, and we are sharing our experiences with other networks as well and other providers. So it's like a continuous discussion and research on that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1644.0,1660.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But from what I can say about our perspective and what happened during the last couple of weeks and months.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1660.0,1672.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, we struggled a lot in December, uh, with the traffic issues, but then together with our partners in CERN, we started testing those rate limiting boat identification and traffic management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1672.0,1691.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rebooting and, you know, sometimes blocking the access, but it started to work better, so I believe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1691.0,1700.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every time when we face something new, it looks more difficult than it happens to be after we find a solution. So I think we need to be patient with that and work on this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1700.0,1715.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Absolutely, yeah, right. If only we could put a moratorium on AI until we figure all this out, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1715.0,1721.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1721.0,1723.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you so much, Anna. Colleen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1723.0,1726.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, I just want to echo what Annie was saying about, you know, our entire scholarly communication enterprise, scholarly publishing in general, academic research, research, understanding, learning. All of that is based on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1726.0,1740.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A single value of this is worth doing because education breakthroughs matter, research breakthroughs matter, people can develop hobbies, they can become interested in things they had no idea, um, that they could even.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1740.0,1755.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"encounter or discover, except through, in a lot of cases, the benefits that open access has afforded. Um, and so I just wanted to add on and emphasize the interest that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1755.0,1769.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"organizations have in bots, you know, friendly bots, as the Confederation of Open Access Repositories calls them, even though we're kind of anthropomorphizing them. But they have a really nice resource on mitigating the impact of AI bots, the unfriendly ones, the ones that are deleterious, that take your systems offline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1769.0,1789.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because, you know, we have to always remember that machine users and human users go hand in hand, and a lot of the infrastructure that we care about, the benefits and affordances of repositories that we can share resources and have APIs pinging back and forth, all of that is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1789.0,1805.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's great that it doesn't have to be done by human users. And so distinguishing between a bot that is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1805.0,1813.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at cross purposes with a repository in the ecosystem of open access, and a bot that actually facilitates it, I think is really important. And like Anna, I do think this is a wait-and-see approach that we have to have, but that doesn't mean to the exclusion of trying things out and and trying to identify strategies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1813.0,1832.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if anybody's interested, I would really recommend CORES resource on dealing with AI bots. They've been doing a lot of great work around this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1832.0,1843.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah. Thank you so much for that perspective. As someone who stares at contracts most of the time I rarely get to imagine these sort of friendly bots. I'm usually kind of mulling over all of the all of the unfriendly bot situations. So I love that framing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1843.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See, I believe Melanie, you're next.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1860.0,1864.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sure. Yeah, I mean, I guess I would just say that, yeah, it's like a an incredible technical challenge, as Anna was saying, and people need to be patient. And I… I think, you know, part of my role as a librarian is to just continue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1864.0,1881.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"telling people, you know, the benefits of publishing open access, and how I do think for, you know, many types of research, you could ask yourself whether the benefits of open access outweigh the potential risk of an AI bot scraping your data. And I think for a lot of people, the benefits do outweigh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1881.0,1897.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That risk, and it's very context-dependent. There might be types of research where that does pose a real risk. And so it needs to be maybe decided on a case-by-case basis. But that's the way open science has always been. It's always been as open as possible, as close as necessary. So we've always been in that regime. And so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1897.0,1914.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think those of us who do outreach, we just need to like keep talking about the benefits of open access. While we are waiting for technical solutions that can keep up with AI, and that's probably going to be ongoing as the.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1914.0,1929.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the technology keeps improving, you know, on both sides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1929.0,1932.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, I think about that a lot of, you know, we hold all of these things in our hands, but the other important piece of this for publishers, for librarians, for everybody, is this education and advocacy piece that we're all kind of have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1932.0,1944.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Same the same goals around open access to scholarly research.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1944.0,1948.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1948.0,1951.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, yeah, well, so I want to start by just acknowledging, like, I have the luxury of not having to manage a repository and and deal with this. And someone I respect a lot analogized it to me of saying, you know, at least when they hear from the OA purists, it's sort of like they've gone through a hurricane.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1951.0,1970.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then someone's coming to lecture them about sorting their recycling and how they need to do better. And so I just want to acknowledge, like, this is a really tough situation for for managing repositories right now and kind of playing whack-a-mole with these bots. But I do think there's something a little ironic here that, you know, 10 years ago, if someone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1970.0,1986.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came to repository managers and said, you know, our repositories are so popular, we're crashing because of the volume of traffic. I think all of us would have been ecstatic and said, Open Access won. Like, we… we won, right? That… that is clearly the path forward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=1986.0,2003.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I don't think the concern is so much the traffic as as much as it is who it is that's generating it, and why and and that's where it gets a little complicated. I think you know some of the bot traffic actually represents people making genuine inquiries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2003.0,2019.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that, again, figuring out, like, this line between good bot and bad bot is very difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2019.0,2027.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and, you know, even how to define bad bots aside from, like, repetitive, just abusive behavior, uh, gets a little tricky, right? Are we going to say certain companies are bad bots just because of, you know, how they operate or who they are? I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2027.0,2041.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I I do think it's a real challenge. And I don't pretend to have solutions to this, but I do think there are some really interesting ideas being floated around maybe pulling together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2041.0,2056.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more bot-oriented, concentrated traffic sources that are separate from the human interfaces, you know, mass download bulk data download options for repositories to offer to bots to redirect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2056.0,2073.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"traffic APIs, uh… or another kind of idea floated in Wikimedia has done some really interesting work with this, I think. So, again, I don't pretend to have answers, but I do think that it's it's a challenging place where I don't think we want to give up on some of the core principles of open access because of the kind of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2073.0,2092.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"technical disruption that we're feeling in the current moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2092.0,2097.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, absolutely. Trying to steer away from those reactionary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2097.0,2103.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of strategies that might come up as a result. It also sounds like we might need, like, a bot philosophy class or something, and, like, IS schools, so if anybody has any ideas for that. And Colleen, just to confirm, someone had asked about the resource that you mentioned, and someone had linked dealing with bots.core repositories. Is that the correct link to that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2103.0,2126.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, that's right. And thanks, Rachel, for sharing that link out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2126.0,2127.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Perfect. Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2127.0,2132.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right. Thank you guys. We'll move on to the next question. This is question 4. And we've talked a little bit about this, but we can dig into it a bit more. So publishers are increasingly, as some publishers are increasingly tightening both open access and paywalled content licenses in an attempt to prevent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2132.0,2149.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exploitation by AI tools? Does more restrictive licensing really combat misuse, and does this approach create or reinforce other issues?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2149.0,2159.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I believe, Dave, you're going to start us off on this one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2159.0,2162.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sure. Um, so important premise to start off with is that copyright and licenses are not the same thing. And when you impose a license on top of a work, it gives permission to do certain things. Sometimes you impose contractual restrictions telling people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2162.0,2177.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They can't do certain things. But, you know, the default set of licensing tools that we use for open access to scholarly articles are Creative Commons licenses and Creative Commons licenses explicitly say that they do not limit any activity that's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2177.0,2193.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"permitted under copyright law, including exercising fair use. Uh, and, you know, it's certainly perhaps not the case that every AI application is going to be fair use, but we have some pretty significant data points in the courts that suggest that training of large language models is fair use. And so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2193.0,2212.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the legal perspective, putting more restrictive licenses on doesn't really do much in terms of holding back that content from AI training. And and the real practical result of what happens when, let's say you're an author that was going to publish an article.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2212.0,2232.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under a Creative Commons license, but you're worried about AI, and you don't, and you just say, I'm not doing that, it's going to go in the traditional publish route. What's increasingly happening is you're signing a license at the same time, giving virtually all of your rights away to your publisher anyways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2232.0,2247.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who is then turning around and signing a licensing deal with the AI companies. I mean, you can look at just Wiley as one example. And so, from a very practical legal standpoint, uh, you're not doing much to prevent your work from being used for AI.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2247.0,2262.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"training when you do more restrictive licensing. The other side of this, though, that I think is really important to highlight here is when we think about a misuse. You know, one of the real concerns that I have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2262.0,2277.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think lots of people have, is the sort of concentration of power in the tech industry, right? We have a handful of AI companies that are kind of dominating the space.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2277.0,2286.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of the ironic things that happens if we're really worried about kind of big tech and and big commercial entities monopolizing this space is when we do more restrictive licensing, one of the things we do is we are actually raising barriers to entry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2286.0,2303.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, for those good actors, or at least the more risk-averse actors who are worried about making fair use assertions, or perhaps don't have the legal wherewithal to go fight about it in court, and so they're more focused on openly licensed content when they can't get access to that, they can't compete.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2303.0,2319.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when they can't compete, there are new products in that marketplace. And so I think there are pretty strong reasons, actually, when you think about just outside of the scientific publishing context, uh, really strong reasons to try to lower barriers to the data access so that we get more AI.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2319.0,2334.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and tech competition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2334.0,2336.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah. And I I wanted to ask a follow up that I think actually goes to a question we just received in chat, and anybody feel free to comment on this as well as we go around. But we got a question that, can we talk about Creative Commons and open access in the subsequent commercial use of content marked for no commercial use, and I wanted to bring this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2336.0,2355.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, because I also have this get this question of, well, okay, we can put a more restrictive license on this, saying for no commercial use or for whatever, but as you mentioned, like, there's a difference between a breach of contract and what might be deemed fair use in another context. So both of those things can exist at the same time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2355.0,2372.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right. Yes, both of those things can exist at the same time, but in addition, the way that at least the creative comp… the creative commons contract is written.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2372.0,2385.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2385.0,2386.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Using those works, even for commercial purposes, if it is within the bounds of copyright law, that is, you know, as long as it is fair use, then that's not even a breach of the contract. That's perfectly permissible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2386.0,2400.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"um, you're allowed to do those things. And so… so that's why, um, you know, I… I have a lot of authors who ask me questions about, like, can't… how is this possible that they're using my work? I marked it as non-commercial. Well, the reason is, they're not relying on your license. The reason… they're relying on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2400.0,2416.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the rights that they have independently under copyright law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2416.0,2421.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you so much for clarifying that, Dave. Melanie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2421.0,2428.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, um, I can think of a couple different tensions. One, Dave has already mentioned, but this comes up a lot at Carnegie Mellon. We're a very tech heavy school, and people reach out all the time because they want to do text and data mining. And so that's like a legitimate research.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2428.0,2444.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Purpose for using AI, and so any restrictive licensing, I think there is concerns that that is… restricting the reuse that, you know, Open Science is trying to promote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2444.0,2457.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, and then the other one that I think comes up in my role is that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2457.0,2463.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just this concern that as people have more mechanisms for opting out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2463.0,2470.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then the training data sets will maybe just get more biased. I mean, I think like in libraries, like many of these major databases now, Web of Science, Scopus have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2470.0,2482.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gen AI integrations. And as of now, you can often opt out of those, choose not to pay for them. But I can imagine a scenario where in the future we're not going to have the ability to opt out. These are just going to be part of the platform, integrated. We're going to have students using them. And so it's really important that they work well across disciplines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2482.0,2500.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they have access to high-quality data, because we know students use them, and researchers use them. And so I think that's a real tension, that there's not, like, an easy answer for is, like, how do you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2500.0,2510.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I think it's, you know, people might want to be able to opt out, but at the same time, if a lot of people opt out, and then the training data sets are… Getting more biased and not being… not using high quality data, then that introduces other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2510.0,2528.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"challenges. So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2528.0,2531.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mm-hmm. Absolutely. See, Colleen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2531.0,2538.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think I'm going to go in a little bit of a different direction here. So my colleagues have been talking about the licensing problem in terms of whether and to what extent we need to permit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2538.0,2549.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These AI companies for whatever uses they'd like to do, which usually starts at creating enough of a corpus to train for the downstream purposes. So moving to maybe, like, a midstream purpose, um, the question around, does licensing combat misuse or prevent exploitation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2549.0,2568.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've heard a lot from authors who don't have a question around whether their material is being sucked up into one of these training sets, but instead they're an author, and they're just trying to publish their manuscript, and their publisher is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2568.0,2592.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2592.0,2593.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forcing them to go toe-to-toe with the newly instated AI copy editing tool. And that brings up these questions in sort of a different way. So they might be okay with the fact that the copy editing tool might have been trained on, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2593.0,2600.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their materials and their colleagues' materials in the past to produce this tool. But their biggest concern is not necessarily that they feel exploited because of the rights and permissions, but they feel exploited in terms of their labor. They have to go through and undo all of the very bad edits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2600.0,2618.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that these copy editing chat bots are doing to their work that no human would ever have done. We're talking about putting bullet points in a heading because that heading previously had, you know, a number beside it. So it thought, oh, this is a list, and I would like to change it from an ordered list to an unordered list.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2618.0,2636.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to now putting a bullet point in the heading, and it's a waste of researchers' time from their point of view. I don't think they would necessarily feel that way if these tools worked well. But these are larger publishers who have these licensing deals, who have granted over these corpuses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2636.0,2653.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who have relicensed the tools for their use by the journals, and the result is copy editing takes three times longer because the author has to go and undo very, very fanciful changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2653.0,2667.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think when we're thinking about the licensing question, we should also think about exploitation beyond just the rights under copyright and also the rights in terms of labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2667.0,2679.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, and that labor question is something that has existed, right? But before AI, and so I think having that be a fundamental question that we ask here as we kind of like the reactionary pieces in the other direction of that, you know, this is wonderful, let's use it right now before we are able to fully test these things, or… get feedback on those parties who are using them, because absolutely really important perspective, Colleen. Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2679.0,2707.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See, and Anna.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2707.0,2710.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, yeah, so I agree totally with my colleagues and what I wanted to add to this discussion is that we need to remember that the copyright in different countries is not the same like the copyright in the US is totally different than in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2710.0,2729.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other country in EU, for example. And also within the European Union, we have differences between countries, so it's not always the same definition we have for resources, and also.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2729.0,2744.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the companies that run the AI, um. tools, they… they are in different countries and different regions, and so on, so we need to be careful with, uh, you know, putting this in one legal frame.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2744.0,2762.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if we talk about restrictive licenses that publishers are reaching for now, and.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2762.0,2772.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, so I feel like, yeah, I understand that it feels like more control, but from what we see, this approach has very limited effectiveness when it comes to AI, because we need to understand, I think it refers at some point to some questions that we have in the chat that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2772.0,2794.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AI systems don't meaningfully engage with licenses in the same way humans do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2794.0,2801.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, so tightening terms often doesn't stop large-scale harvesting, but it does reduce reuse by researchers, educators, and libraries. So… While we are trying to limit AI, we are limiting actually the users. So there is the risk is that we end up wicking the open access ecosystem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2801.0,2830.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Without actually addressing the core issue. So, uh, from OAPIN perspective, the more promising path lies in shared norms, like technical standards, expectations about responsible use.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2830.0,2846.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And especially transparency about data sources and respect for community-funded infrastructures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2846.0,2854.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, um… Yeah, for sure, a restrictive licensing can create the appearance of control, but it may also reinforce inequities and fragmentation without solving the underlying problem. So first of all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2854.0,2873.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We need to understand that copyright is not the same in every country in the world. And the second thing is that AI doesn't understand licenses as we do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2873.0,2883.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah. Yes, and I thought that's a that's a really important point. I feel like that comes up a lot for me as I, you know, I work on the contracts for our leadership offers, and a lot of that is a question of when you're reading these licenses from publishers all over the world like.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2883.0,2899.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is what is their copyright language addressing? And, you know, how do we, you know, how do we square that with U.S. Copyright law? Or like you said, it's not going to function the same way in every place, so it's a really important question. And there is a big conversation in the chat that for time, I won't be able to address around copyright.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2899.0,2920.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is one of my favorite topics, and I know there are people on this call who, uh, it may be some of their favorite topics as well. Feel free to reach out to me at that contact there if you have any other questions about that, or I imagine any of our panelists would be happy to follow up with you on that as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2920.0,2938.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, alright, so question 5. So we've spent a lot of time talking about the risks and challenges associated with AI in the context of open access. What are some of the opportunities? What are, you know, let's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2938.0,2953.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ended on a on a happy note, perhaps. How might how might we use AI tools ethically and humanistically to make scholarly publishing better for everyone?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2953.0,2963.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe, Dave, you're starting us off on this one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2963.0,2966.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sure, I'm happy to start this one. So I guess one piece of this is a body of work that's just been developing for a long time. I mean, and by that I mean like 20 years. There's some really, really good research being done in a whole variety of disciplines that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2966.0,2984.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are leveraging machine learning and AI to really open up new discoveries. And you see this from, you know, everywhere from, like, gender studies, uh, and trying to understand, you know, men and women in film, for instance. There's some really interesting studies on this that you can't do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=2984.0,3000.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without large scale computational analysis. But you have the same things going on in biology, people mapping protein structures, and there's just some really, really amazing, um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3000.0,3014.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"new discoveries being enabled by this technology. So I think that's one piece of it, um, that I think having open content makes that work so much easier. And just runs so much more smoothly. The other thing that I think is really exciting is new thinking on how we can leverage open content.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3014.0,3032.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make these systems that, you know, we know our students and younger researchers are increasingly using to make them better. So, for instance, one pretty cool project that that I've been a big fan of is something that Northeastern University Library has done to develop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3032.0,3049.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of an article article data MCP server that they're connecting into their campus instance of Claude, and almost using Claude as like a discovery layer for articles where you can ask it kind of plain language research questions, and it is producing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3049.0,3067.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"responses that are grounded in peer-reviewed literature. And, you know, I think for most of us looking at the problems with AI systems, a lot of it has to do with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3067.0,3078.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Producing answers that sound reliable but aren't, and that, you know, fake it till you make it does not work for scientific research. And so having quality data connected is really, really exciting, I think. And again, having an open data set to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3078.0,3095.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"makes that work tremendously more easy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3095.0,3101.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Absolutely. Anna.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3101.0,3106.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, yes, thank you for this question. I appreciate that. Despite the old challenges we discussed, I wanted to address also some opportunities that already that were already mentioned, for example, by Dave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3106.0,3123.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before. And there are really real good opportunities here, especially if we align AI with the values of open access.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3123.0,3133.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, AI can significantly improve the discoverability of open access books through multilingual metadata, better subject clarification, classification, accessibility features.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3133.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"summaries that help readers to navigate those long form scholarship and also for publishers, for example, and for libraries. Ai tools can support metadata quality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3150.0,3165.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"preservation workflows, analysis tests that are often under-resourced. So, uh, I can see a lot of opportunities here in this… in these tools. And the key condition is that these tools are used transparently, ethically, and in ways that respect authors, licenses, and infrastructures that make openness possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3165.0,3187.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, um… AI should amplify the values of open access, not extract value from them. So if we get it right, AI can be useful and can straighten rather than under.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3187.0,3205.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mind the scholarly comments. So I believe that there is a lot of opportunities and we are always, you know, afraid of new things that come up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3205.0,3216.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's historically proven, but in the end, we are using this in a good way. So, uh, let's hope it will be the same with AI.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3216.0,3229.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay. All right, Melanie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3229.0,3233.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah. I mean, I guess I would hope that there's opportunity for to maybe help with the sustainability issues with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3233.0,3241.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of the community-run publishing, so Diamond open access and preprint servers, and a lot of these types of publishing that rely on volunteer labor. And so maybe, you know, if AI can be used effectively for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3241.0,3256.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"semi-automation of metadata and, you know, other technical back-end processes. It seems like that might help with the sustainability issue, as well as maybe reduce the need for like highly specialized technical knowledge that you need.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3256.0,3270.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, for some of those roles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3270.0,3275.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Colleen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3275.0,3277.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And for me, in addition to what my colleagues have already identified as opportunities, I would say I'm most looking forward to the ability for researchers who have harmonious interests with libraries, with advocacy organizations that all want to see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3277.0,3295.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the enhancement of knowledge and its production. I'm looking forward to those researchers continuing to be able to make breakthroughs using AI to better understand it, at the very least, so that we can continue to lead our project in transforming scholarly publishing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3295.0,3313.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"outside of the kind of gatekeeper mentality and structures that we already have that we're seeing being repeated in the AI infrastructure. So if there are research projects that can be done as facilitated by AI, if there are researchers who are just interested in researching AI, the more, the better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3313.0,3334.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They probably would benefit from the open access to the research so that they can double check what the outputs are even doing so that they can share their breakthroughs more widely. So I'm really looking at this more holistically in terms of how our communities can benefit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3334.0,3349.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And really kind of take back what it is to share research, what it is that open access at its core is all about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3349.0,3359.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Absolutely. Even as a self-proclaimed AI skeptic in my personal life, I think that so much of AI and open access is something that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3359.0,3370.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adds a lot of positive benefit to the other, right? It's almost like if we did this right, like, or if we do this right, um, this is actually overall a good thing on both ends. Um, it's just that, kind of, these growing pains here, as it's become so prominent in everything that we're doing so quickly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3370.0,3388.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, and I appreciate all of you for being here and addressing all of these different things, and I'm sure that on any one of these questions, we could probably talk all day. So, I appreciate the effort to keep it to an hour. And we did have one Q\u0026A that I'll bring out for the panelists really quickly since we have a couple of minutes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3388.0,3411.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This attendee asked, How do traditional knowledge and biocultural labels fall into the bot scraping, leaning towards fair use, since these labels are not related to copyright law?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3411.0,3428.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll say, I don't… I don't know much about those traditional knowledge and bioculturally labels, so I don't know if anyone here does.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3428.0,3436.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Um, well, I think this question is a great point to remember. Some things that Anna pointed out about how you know copyright law differs pretty significantly across the world. In the Us. There is not really a whole lot of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3436.0,3452.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"protection outside of traditional copyright for traditional knowledge, traditional cultural expressions or or other things like that. And so fair use applies kind of just as it normally would in other jurisdictions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3452.0,3466.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have a lot of really interesting things happening in Burkina Fasao and Senegal. There's some interesting traditional cultural expression laws that I think would apply, and of course, those jurisdictions don't have fair use.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3466.0,3480.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh, so I guess my main… this is sort of a non-answer, but it's very different around the world, where we have different legal regimes addressing traditional knowledge with a lot more specificity than you do in the US or in Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3480.0,3498.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanks so much, David. Anyone else want to jump in for that one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3498.0,3504.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3504.0,3506.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, I agree, and I and also we need to remember that sometimes the the company is one is in one country, the servers are in the other country, and the users are all around the world, so it's… it's very, like, globally. It's not focused in one one country or in one like legal framework, so… It's…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3506.0,3529.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's quite a challenge, but I believe we can address it as a community and work on this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3529.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, absolutely. Well, thank you to whoever sent in that question. I think it's definitely something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3540.0,3546.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're thinking about, and we're thinking about, well, and thank you to all of our panelists. It is at… we are officially at the top of the hour, so I suppose I can set everyone free here, and thanks again for joining us and for talking about these really difficult topics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3546.0,3564.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you so much for having me, and have a nice day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3564.0,3568.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You, too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3568.0,3569.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3569.0,3573.0"},{"id":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157/transcript/92543/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bye.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lyrasis.aviaryplatform.com/collections/3594/collection_resources/168863/file/307157#t=3573.0,3589.0"}]}]}]}